EXTRA BONE EWING SARCOMA: CASE REPORT

Abstract

EWING'S SARCOMA IS A SMALL CIRCULAR CELL CANCER OF NEUROECTODERMAL ORIGIN THAT STRIKES BONES AND, MORE RARELY, SOFT TISSUES. THE DISEASE HAS A HIGHER INCIDENCE IN WHITE MEN UNDER THE AGE OF 15 AND MANIFESTS WITH NONSPECIFIC SYMPTOMS SUCH AS FEVER AND WEIGHT LOSS. BLOOD TESTS CAN NOT SPECIFICALLY DIAGNOSE EWING'S SARCOMA, BUT MAY HELP TO RULE OUT OR IDENTIFY OTHER ASSOCIATED DISORDERS. IT CAN BE DIAGNOSED EFFECTIVELY BY BONE MARROW BIOPSY, BONE SCINTIGRAPHY, COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY OF THE CHEST AND MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING. THE TREATMENT IS GIVEN BY CHEMOTHERAPY, TREATMENT SUPPORT FOR PANCYTOPENIA, SURGICAL PROCEDURE AND RADIOTHERAPY. IN THIS REPORT, A 16-YEAR-OLD FEMALE PATIENT ADMITTED TO THE EMERGENCY ROOM WITH EPIGASTRIC PAIN, RESULTS OF IMAGING TESTS, AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS REVEALED EWING'S SARCOMA / PRIMITIVE NEUROECTODERMAL TUMOR. THE PATIENT UNDERWENT SURGICAL TREATMENT WITH EXCISION OF THE TUMOR THAT HAD INVOLVEMENT OF THE INFERIOR VENA CAVA. THEREFORE, CHEMOTHERAPY SESSIONS WERE PERFORMED TO CONTROL TUMOR RECURRENCE. THE PRESENCE OF METASTASIS IS CONSIDERED THE MAIN PROGNOSTIC FACTOR, WITH AN ESTIMATED MEDIAN SURVIVAL OF 5 TO 40 YEARS FOR METASTATIC CASES.