the asthma as a chronic disease:

analysis of triggering factors, symptoms and individualized treatment strategies

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Asthma, also known as allergic bronchitis and asthmatic bronchitis, is a disease that affects the lungs and is linked to chronic inflammation of the bronchi. The condition is most prevalent in childhood and can persist into adulthood. It represents a significant public health problem, both due to its impact on patients' quality of life and the costs involved in treatment. The overall objective was to identify triggering factors, characteristic symptoms, and personalized therapeutic approaches for this chronic disease. The research was based on bibliographic sources and data from national health institutions. According to the literature review, the main clinical manifestations that asthmatics may present are dyspnea, wheezing, fatigue, cough, and expectoration. Furthermore, according to DATASUS, between 2014 and 2024, asthma was the third or fourth leading cause of hospitalizations in the Unified Health System (SUS), representing approximately 2.3% of the total, with approximately 350,000 hospitalizations annually in Brazil. The methodology used was bibliographic research, based on the Virtual Health Library and the Department of Information Technology of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), focusing on the description of the disease, its manifestations, and the importance of individualized treatment. The conclusion is that a more in-depth analysis of the triggering agent is necessary to support individualized asthma treatment, taking into account individual factors such as clinical history, lifestyle, genetics, and long-term expectations.