MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI IN SOYBEAN CULTIVATED WITH FINE MICA SHALE IN THE CERRADO UNDER VARIABLE WATER REGIMES

Abstract

THERE IS A GROWING NEED TO OBTAIN NEW SOURCES OF NUTRIENTS, AND THE USE OF WASTE AND CHEAPER AND MORE SUSTAINABLE SOURCES OF NUTRIENTS HAS STOOD OUT AS AN EXCELLENT ALTERNATIVE TO CONVENTIONAL INPUTS. HOWEVER, LITTLE IS KNOWN ABOUT THE IMPACTS THAT THE APPLICATION OF THESE PRODUCTS CAUSES IN CULTIVATED AGROECOSYSTEMS, AND THE MICROBIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF THE SOIL CAN BE USED AS A TOOL TO MEASURE THIS INFLUENCE. ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI, BECAUSE THEY ARE EXTREMELY SENSITIVE TO NUTRITIONAL AND WATER VARIATIONS IN THE SOIL, STAND OUT AS ONE OF THE MOST EFFICIENT BIOINDICATORS OF SOIL QUALITY. THIS WORK AIMS TO EVALUATE MYCORRHIZAL ACTIVITY AS A BIOINDICATOR OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY IN SOYBEAN CULTIVATION AREAS UNDER THE APPLICATION OF MICA SHALE FINE IN VARIABLE WATER REGIMES. THE EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN USED WAS IN RANDOMIZED BLOCKS, WITH FOUR REPLICATIONS, WITH TREATMENTS ARRANGED IN A FACTORIAL SCHEME OF 3X4, WHERE FACTOR ONE IS THE FERTILIZATION SYSTEM WITH THE APPLICATION OF NPK, FMS AND CONTROL TREATMENT AND FACTOR TWO IS THE WATER REGIME WITH 28%, 44%, 65% AND 100% OF THE WATER REQUIREMENT OF THE CROP. DUE TO THE ABSENCE OF DIFFERENCES IN MYCORRHIZAL ACTIVITY, THE APPLICATION OF DIFFERENT SOURCES OF NUTRIENTS DID NOT PROMOTE STRESS TO THE CULTIVATED ENVIRONMENTS. HOWEVER, THE DEFICIENT WATER REGIME REFLECTED A HIGHER MYCORRHIZAL ACTIVITY IN THE SOIL AND ROOTS, INDICATING THAT THESE MAY HAVE AFFECTED THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PLANT. THE GENERA ACAULOSPORA, CLAROIDEGLOMUS, DIVERSISPORA, SCUTELLOSPORA, SCLEROCYSTIS, GLOMUS, GIGASPORA, AMBISPORA AND SCROBICULATA WERE FOUND IN ALL STUDIED AREAS.