THE ROLE OF THE NURSE IN THE NORMAL LABOR INCENTIVE

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: PARTAKING IS A VERY IMPORTANT EVENT IN THE LIFE OF WOMEN, A UNIQUE MOMENT MARKED BY THE TRANSFORMATION OF WOMEN INTO THEIR NEW ROLE, THAT OF BEING A MOTHER. CHILDBIRTH IS A TIME OF GREAT INTENSITY AND CAN MARK THE LIFE OF A WOMAN FOREVER. IT CAN ALSO BE A TIME OF MANY DOUBTS, AMONG WHICH IS THE BEST WAY FOR THE BABY TO COME TO THE WORLD, THROUGH NORMAL DELIVERY OR CESAREAN DELIVERY? A QUALITY PRENATAL CARE IS ESSENTIAL CONSIDERING THE INTEGRALITY AND SPECIFICITY OF EACH PREGNANT WOMAN. OBJECTIVE: TO DESCRIBE THE ROLE OF NURSES IN ENCOURAGING NORMAL BIRTH. METHODOLOGY: THIS IS A BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REVIEW OF THE QUALITATIVE EXPLORATORY LITERATURE, CARRIED OUT IN THE VIRTUAL HEALTH LIBRARY (VHL) IN THE LATIN AMERICAN CARIBBEAN LITERATURE IN HEALTH SCIENCES (LILACS) DATABASES, NURSING DATABASE (BDENF) AND SCIENTIFIC ELETRONIC LIBRARY ONLINE (SCIELO), IN ADDITION TO HEALTH MINISTRY MANUALS PUBLISHED IN THE PERIOD 2008-2016 IN PORTUGUESE AND ENGLISH. RESULTS: THE DATA WERE ORGANIZED INTO TABLES, SYNOPTIC TABLES, FIGURES AND LATER CATEGORIZED. EIGHTEEN ARTICLES WERE INCLUDED IN THE PRESENT STUDY. TWO CATEGORIES EMERGED: THE FIRST ONE CALLED NORMAL BIRTH, ADVANTAGES, DISADVANTAGES AND PUBLIC HEALTH POLICIES, THE SECOND ENTITLED THE NURSE IN THE CONDUCT OF PRENATAL CARE AND ITS ROLE IN FACILITATING LABOR, CHILDBIRTH AND BIRTH. IN BRAZIL, CHILDBIRTH INTERVENTIONS REMAIN HIGH. IN LARGE PART, THE ASSISTANCE IS INADEQUATE AND INTERVENTIONIST, WHICH REMOVES THE PROTAGONIST ROLE OF THE PARTURIENT, MAKING HER FRAGILE AND SUBMISSIVE TO A SITUATION THAT WEAKENS HER, DISCHARACTERIZES AND VIOLATES HER AUTONOMY TO GIVE BIRTH. IN THIS CONDITION, THE TIME OF CHILDBIRTH AND BIRTH IS VIEWED WITH FEAR DUE TO THE THREAT OF PAIN, SUFFERING AND DEATH, AND CESAREAN DELIVERY BECOMES A POSSIBILITY OF ESCAPE AND PROTECTION OF DIGNITY, SINCE THE MODEL IS CONSIDERED DEGRADING. TO ENSURE THAT THE HEALTH TEAM AVOIDS UNNECESSARY INTERVENTIONS AND PRESERVES THE PRIVACY AND AUTONOMY OF THE WOMAN, IT IS NECESSARY THAT THE HUMANIZED ATTENTION BEGINS IN PRENATAL CARE. THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH RECOGNIZES THAT IT IS NECESSARY TO INDIVIDUALIZE THE ASSISTANCE TO THE WOMAN TO HUMANIZE THE CARE, IN ADDITION, THIS MODEL OF ASSISTANCE ALLOWS THE PROFESSIONAL TO PERCEIVE THE NEEDS OF THE WOMAN, TO DEAL WITH THE PROCESS OF THE BIRTH AND ALSO TO ADOPT BEHAVIORS THAT BRING WELL-BEING AND ENSURE SAFETY FOR THE WOMAN AND THE BABY. CONCLUSION: THE NURSE SHOULD OFFER WOMEN THE POSSIBILITY OF EXPERIENCING LABOR AND CHILDBIRTH AS PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESSES, FEELING AS A PROTAGONIST IN THESE PROCESSES. RECEPTION, PROMOTION OF THE PRESENCE OF COMPANIONS, PROMOTION OF AN APPROPRIATE ENVIRONMENT FOR CARE, TRANSMISSION OF CALM AND SECURITY TO WOMEN, USE OF WATER, ESSENTIAL OILS, AROMA AND MUSIC THAT PROVIDE RELAXATION AND BODY COMFORT ARE PRACTICES OF CARE WHICH DIGNIFY LABOR AND BIRTH.