THE NURSE'S ACTIVITIES IN PRE-CHRISTMAS ASSISTANCE IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE FAMILY HEALTH STRATEGY

A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: PRENATAL (PN) IS A CARE PROVIDED TO WOMEN DURING THEIR PREGNANCY CYCLE, MOST OF WHICH IS PERFORMED BY A TRAINED NURSE PRACTITIONER TO PERFORM VARIOUS PROCEDURES AIMED AT MATERNAL AND NEONATAL INTEGRITY. OBJECTIVE: TO DESCRIBE THE NURSING WORK PROCESS IN PN CARE WITHIN THE FAMILY HEALTH STRATEGY (FHS). METHODOLOGY: INTEGRATIVE REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE THROUGH ARTICLES INDEXED IN THE VIRTUAL HEALTH LIBRARY (VHL) AND AVAILABLE IN FULL TEXT AND ORIGINAL IN THE DATABASES: LATIN AMERICAN AND CARIBBEAN LITERATURE IN HEALTH SCIENCES (LILACS) AND SCIENTIFIC ELECTRONIC LIBRARY ONLINE (SCIELO) AND BDENF (NURSING DATABASES), IN THE PERIOD 2009-2015, IN THE PORTUGUESE LANGUAGE. DECS: PRENATAL CARE, NURSING CARE AND FAMILY HEALTH STRATEGY WERE USED. FOR THE ANALYSIS OF THE DATA THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF MENDES ET AL. (2008), WHICH PROPOSES SIX STEPS FOR THE ELABORATION OF A GOOD, EFFECTIVE, PRECISE AND RELEVANT INTEGRATIVE REVIEW. RESULTS: THE DATA WERE ORGANIZED INTO TABLES, SYNOPTIC TABLES, FIGURES AND LATER CATEGORIZED. EIGHTEEN ARTICLES WERE INCLUDED IN THE PRESENT STUDY. TWO CATEGORIES EMERGED: THE IMPORTANCE OF PN DURING THE GESTATIONAL PERIOD; AND THE ROLE OF THE NURSING TEAM IN RELATION TO THE PN REALIZATION IN FHS. PN CARE SHOULD BEGIN IN THE FIRST TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY, WITH CONSULTATION PROPERLY PLANNED TO PROVIDE EFFECTIVE FOLLOW-UP THROUGHOUT THE PERIOD, SO THAT AT LEAST ONE CONSULTATION SHOULD BE PERFORMED IN THE FIRST TRIMESTER, TWO IN THE SECOND AND THREE IN THE THIRD, AS RECOMMENDED BY THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH (MS). THE LOW-RISK PN SHOULD BE PERFORMED AT THE BASIC HEALTH UNIT (UBS), WHICH IN TURN SHOULD BE THE PREGNANT WOMAN'S PREFERRED ENTRY POINT INTO THE HEALTH SYSTEM. IT IS THE POINT OF STRATEGIC ATTENTION TO BETTER MEET THEIR NEEDS, INCLUDING PROVIDING LONGITUDINAL AND CONTINUED FOLLOW-UP, ESPECIALLY DURING PREGNANCY. PN IS A PERIOD OF GREAT LEARNING FOR BOTH THE PREGNANT WOMAN AND THE FAMILY, BECAUSE DURING CONSULTATIONS AND GROUP MEETINGS IT IS POSSIBLE TO EXCHANGE EXPERIENCES AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN, FAMILY AND HEALTH PROFESSIONALS, AT THAT TIME MOST OF THE DOUBTS ARE ELUCIDATED, FEARS ARE MINIMIZED AND CONFIDENCE IS STRENGTHENED. AMONG THE PROFESSIONALS WHO MAKE UP THE MULTIPROFESSIONAL TEAM FOR CARE, THE NURSE IS RESPONSIBLE FOR CARRYING OUT EDUCATIONAL ACTIONS FOR THE PREGNANT WOMAN AND HER FAMILY, ACCOMPANYING LOW-RISK PREGNANCIES, EMPHASIZING ROUTINE EXAMS AND DIRECTING TREATMENT ACCORDING TO THE PROTOCOL OF THE INSTITUTION, IN ADDITION TO COLLECTING CYTOPATHOLOGICAL EXAMINATION. CONCLUSION: IT IS POSSIBLE TO VISUALIZE THAT ALTHOUGH THE COVERAGE IS BROAD, THERE IS STILL A SHORTAGE OF TRAINED PROFESSIONALS IN THE HEALTH NETWORKS, BEING WELL BELOW THE IDEAL NUMBER, SO THE ATTENDANCE AND GOOD QUALITY IN THE PN IS COMPROMISED. IT IS IMPORTANT TO EMPHASIZE THAT THE HEALTH PROFESSIONAL SHOULD WELCOME PREGNANT WOMEN IN A HOLISTIC WAY, PROVIDING HIM WITH A PLEASANT LEARNING MOMENT. IT IS IMPERATIVE THAT THE NURSE SHOULD PRIORITIZE THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE NURSE-PATIENT BOND, TO FACILITATE THE EXERCISE OF HEALTH EDUCATION, THE HUMANISTIC VIEW OF THE PREGNANT WOMEN, AND THE PROMOTION OF SELF-CARE TO THE BINOMIAL OR TRINOMIAL.