MULTITEMPORAL EVALUATION OF LAND USE AND COVERAGE IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF ANÁPOLIS-GO

Abstract

DUE TO HUMAN ACTIONS AND DISORDERED USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES, OUR PLANET HAS SHOWN CONSTANT CHANGES IN LANDSCAPES DUE TO CHANGES IN LAND USE AND OCCUPATION. IN ORDER TO REDUCE, OR EVEN STOP THE IRRATIONAL USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES, CONSTANT MONITORING OF LAND USE AND COVER IS NECESSARY, AND FOR THAT, SATELLITE IMAGES HAVE BEEN USED TO OBTAIN SPATIOTEMPORAL INFORMATION ON LANDSCAPE CHANGES. THEREFORE, THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS WORK WAS TO WORK TO CLASSIFY AND IDENTIFY CHANGES IN LAND USE AND OCCUPATION IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF ANÁPOLIS - GO. FOR THIS PURPOSE, A 1985 LANDSAT-5 SATELLITE IMAGE AND ANOTHER OF LANDSAT-8, 2015. FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF LAND USE AND LAND COVER CLASSES, BANDS 5R4G3B WERE USED FOR LANDSAT 5 AND 6R5G4B FOR LANDSAT 8. THE SUPERVISED IMAGE CLASSIFICATION PROCESS WAS CARRIED OUT FROM THE MINIMUM DISTANCE AND MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD ALGORITHMS, SELECTING THE ONE WITH THE BEST ACCURACY ACCORDING TO KAPPA. REGARDING THE RESULTS, IT WAS OBSERVED THAT THE BEST CLASSIFIER WAS THE ONE WITH MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD, WITH AN EXCELLENT KAPPA INDEX. IN 1985, CLASSES OF PLANT FORMATIONS COVERED 38.89% OF THE REGION, WHILE AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES 24.96% AND DEGRADED OR RECOVERY AREAS 30.62%. IN 2015, AGRICULTURE REPRESENTED 15.31%, NATURAL VEGETATION 20.50% AND DEGRADED OR RECOVERING AREAS 54.28%. THE LARGEST PERCENTAGE REDUCTIONS CORRESPONDED TO COUNTRY FORMATIONS, OF 14.73%, AND THE PERCENTAGE INCREASES TO THE RECOVERY AREAS, OF 25.43%. IN THE 30-YEAR PERIOD, THERE WAS A SUBSTANTIAL INCREASE IN HUMAN ACTIVITIES TO THE DETRIMENT OF NATURAL VEGETATION. THE HIGH PERCENTAGES OF DEGRADED AREAS IN THE LAST 30 YEARS REVEAL THE CONSOLIDATION OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES IN THE MUNICIPALITY, REQUIRING BETTER MANAGEMENT AND PLANNING OF SPACES FOR HUMAN USE AND NATURAL VEGETATION.